The GAZ-66 truck was extensively used in Angola and Mozambique, primarily by the Soviet-backed liberation movements and later the national armies (MPLA in Angola, FRELIMO in Mozambique) during their respective wars of independence and subsequent civil wars. The GAZ-66 was a primary cargo and troop transport vehicle due to its rugged 4×4, all-road capability, making it suitable for the difficult terrain in the region.
- It served as a towing and mounting platform for various weapon systems.
- It was frequently used as the primary towing vehicle for the ZU-23-2 twin anti-aircraft autocannon.
- It also transported or towed other armaments like the 120mm 2B11 mortar.
- Vulnerability: The truck was unarmored and lacked mine protection, which was a significant vulnerability. Landmines became responsible for a large proportion of casualties during the conflicts, and convoys with vehicles like the GAZ-66 were targets.